Markhor National Animal Of Pakistan| History Of Markhor Part 2

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 Markhor National Animal Of Pakistan| History Of Markhor Part 2

  • Behavior:
Markhors are active during the day, especially in the mornings and afternoons. They spend 12 to 14 hours a day searching for food, of which they rest for a while and re-chew the food in their stomachs. Are
The females live in clusters of 8 to 9 individuals. The males temporarily join the herd during the autumn and early winter days, when the females and males are sexually active for mating. This season is called Rutting season.
They are very good at climbing mountains. In addition, they can easily climb trees and other oblique places. Their hooves are wide enough to help them to maintain balance and climb without hammering on a half oblique place. In the winter, the markhors begin to descend to avoid the effects of the weather.
They are very good at climbing mountains. In addition, they can easily climb trees and other oblique places. Their hooves are wide enough to help them to maintain balance and climb without hammering on a half oblique place.


Types of Markhor:
Markhor was initially divided into five subtypes, viz
  1. Astor (Capra falconeri falconeri)
  2. Burkharan, Tahjik, Turkmenian, Heptner's markhor (Capra falconeri heptneri)
  3.  Kashmir markhor (C. falconeri) cashmerensis)
  4. Kabul markhor (C. falconeri megaceors)
  5. Suleiman markhor (C. f. Jerdoni)
But the IUCN only divides them into three subtypes.
  1. Astor markhor
  2. Kabul markhor
  3. Bukharan markhor
1. Astor Markhor:
Its scientific name is Capra falconeri falconeri.
Within Afghanistan, they are found in the areas of Laghman and Nuristan, while in India, they are found in the areas of Pir Panjal, Jammu and Kashmir. Also found in Kashmir and Kohistan.
 Earlier, Astor and Kashmir Markhor were considered as two separate sub-species but later they were included in the same sub-species. They are also called flared-horned markhor. Their two horns are very close to each other in the beginning, but as they move upwards, the distance between them starts to increase.
The markhor is also housed inside the Chitral National Park, where it is said to number more than 1,000.
2.Kabul Markhor
Its scientific name is Capra falconeri megaceors. Until 1978, this markhor was found in the provinces of Afghanistan, Kabul, Parwan (Koh-e-Safi) and Paktia province. Forced to migrate to areas where human access is difficult, so now there is no evidence of its presence in Afghanistan.
In Pakistan, it is found in Mardan and Sheikh Boddin in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Dera Ghazi Khan in Punjab and Koh-i-Sulaiman and Mount Takatu in Balochistan.
Initially Suleiman Markhor and Kabul Markhor were also recognized as two separate sub-species but now both are included in Capra falconeri megaceros. Kabul Markhor is also called straight-horned markhor.
3. Bukharan Markhor:
Its scientific name is Capra falconeri hepterni, it is found in sub-species of Afghanistan, Turkmenistan and Tajikistan as well as in Uzbekistan.

Markhor's natural predators:
Their predators include lynx, snow leopards, wolves, and panthers, as well as golden eagles that carry tiny markhorns.

Markhor protection:
According to the International Union for Conservation of Nature, Markhor's existence is in danger. That is, if proper measures are not taken to protect them, in the near future this generation will be wiped off the face of the earth forever.

Man is the biggest hunter of Markhor, and man also has a big role to play in its extinction . They are hunted especially because of their beautiful horns. In Chinese medicine, these horns are used to treat various ailments. In addition, they are also used for trophie hunting.
Although it is illegal to hunt them, they are still hunted in Afghanistan, Pakistan and India. Between 1960 and 1970, they were brutally hunted inside Pakistan. In 1970s, a law was passed inside Pakistan that now hunting is banned
Following legislation in Pakistan, heavy fines were imposed on their victims. In addition, various organizations such as the Zoological Society of Pakistan, KPK Wildlife and Biodiversity are also playing an important role in the rescue of Markhor.
According to a 2018 report, due to the positive steps taken by Pakistan, the number of Markhors has started increasing again. This is a good thing. But their breed is still in danger.

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